The impact of the hottest entry into WTO on the do

The impact of China's entry into the WTO on the domestic food and packaging machinery industry (II)

● opportunities and challenges for the industry after China's entry into the WTO

1. Through the opening of the market, China imported food and packaging machinery, which broadened its horizons

after digestion and absorption, China has developed complete beer filling equipment of 20000 bottles/hour, 36000 ~ 40000 bottles/hour, beverage filling production line of 3000 ~ 30000 bottles/hour, and three piece can production line of 500 cans/minute, all of which have reached a very high technical level, and the gap with the foreign advanced level has gradually narrowed; The production capacity of single head and multi head flexible packaging machines can reach 2200 bags/hour (single head) and 4800 bags/hour (double head); We have successively developed various square boxes, triangle bags, roof type aseptic packaging equipment and large bag aseptic packaging equipment; The industrial robot packaging production line has been put into trial operation in Tianjin and has reached the level of similar production lines in Japan in the early 1990s

China's instant food processing machinery is led by instant noodle processing machinery. The first instant noodles production line was imported in 1980. After the successful development of the domestic instant noodles production line in 1984, the domestic instant noodles production line has developed rapidly. At present, a production line with a class output of 150000 bags of instant noodles has been developed. Convenient food machinery is developing to multiple varieties

the manufacturing industry of fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping equipment and quick-frozen equipment in China has always followed the path of introduction, digestion, absorption, research and development. In the past 10 years, it has developed rapidly, and has successfully developed more than 10 varieties and dozens of specifications of relatively new fresh-keeping quick freezing equipment

the manufacturing industry of metal packaging container processing machinery in China has begun to take shape, and can produce round can resistance welding can production line, easy to pull cap production line, steel barrel production line and bottle cap production line. From a technical point of view, China is still at the level of imitation and digestion and absorption, with weak foundation, incomplete digestion and absorption work and lack of in-depth research, so the overall level is not high

pulp molding processing equipment began to be developed in the mid-1990s, and after development and improvement, it has been successfully applied in the tableware industry. It is an innovation. It is developing towards the buffer packaging of industrial products, raising the hammer body away from the bottom. This industry is currently in the forefront of the world

2. In recent years, while meeting the domestic market demand, China's food and packaging machinery manufacturing enterprises have actively explored foreign markets and made efforts to enter the international market. They have made gratifying achievements, and the export amount has increased year by year

the export value of food machinery was only US $3million in the mid-1980s, accounting for only about 1% of the total domestic machinery output value at that time; By 1995, it had reached 193 million US dollars, an increase of 29.04% over 1994, 66 times that of 1985, accounting for 10% of the total output value of domestic food machinery at that time; In 1998, the export volume of food machinery reached 882million US dollars. Considering that household machinery accounted for a considerable share (574million US dollars) and was not comparable with the previous statistical data, excluding this item, there was another 300million US dollars, an increase of 56% over 1995, accounting for 17% of the total domestic output value of food machinery that year. It can be seen that the growth rate is very fast, exceeding the growth rate of mechanical and electrical products exports

the export volume of packaging machinery was only US $2million in the mid-1980s, accounting for only about 1% of the total output value of domestic packaging machinery at that time; By 1995, it had reached 35.54 million US dollars, an increase of 47.05% over 1994, 17.7 times that of 1986, accounting for 3.7% of the total output value of domestic packaging machinery that year; In 1997, the total export volume of packaging machinery reached US $49.55 million, an increase of 39.4% over 1995, accounting for 4.5% of the total output value of domestic packaging machinery that year. The export growth rate is also very fast

however, the sales volume of China's machinery industry in 1998 was 1.5 trillion yuan, of which the export volume was 25 billion US dollars (about 207.5 billion yuan), accounting for 13.8% of the total sales volume of the machinery industry. If food and packaging machinery can catch up with the average of the National Machinery Industry by taking advantage of China's accession to the WTO, the mechanical properties at different angles are equally important for users, and this alone has an annual growth rate of 10%

in general, the export prospect of China's food and packaging machinery is very broad. China's food and packaging machinery technology is applicable, cheap and good, and is very suitable for the economic conditions of developing countries and regions. In the future, exports to these countries and regions should be very gratifying, and some of them will also be exported to developed countries. In March, 2001, the association organized a group to participate in the international packaging machinery exhibition in Milan, Italy. During the exhibition, foreign businessmen continued to visit our booth, among which businessmen from Italy, Britain, Spain, Turkey, Macedonia, Israel and other countries hoped to be the foreign general agent of Chinese food and packaging machinery. After joining the WTO, the external business environment of enterprises will be further improved, and the export of food and packaging machinery will be further expanded. If the technical level, stability and reliability of our equipment are greatly improved, and joint ventures and foreign-funded enterprises turn to domestic equipment, it will also be a considerable market

some high-end products and large complete sets of equipment with intensive technology are basically blank due to the gap in China's technical level, and import is inevitable. These equipment not only provide new food consumption methods, processing methods and packaging methods, but also bring new management and new concepts. Therefore, we have to face it bravely, actively change this state, improve product development ability, and form our own innovation ability. With the in-depth development of agricultural industrialization and the structural adjustment of the food industry, the adoption of large complete sets of equipment and high-tech equipment will be the general trend. If China does not catch up, it will lose this part of the market

tariffs and dumping have little impact on the import and export of food packaging machinery. Foreign capital mostly adopts imported equipment, which has a great impact. Foreign equipment is expensive, and imports are mainly large food enterprises, large packaging enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises, which are now basically tax-free. Even if foreign equipment is dumped at home, its price will be much higher than that of domestic equipment; We have an absolute price advantage for equipment of the same level

● what countermeasures should be taken

1. Countermeasures to learn from

most of China's food packaging machinery has been developed on the basis of using imported equipment for reference. For products with a large gap with foreign countries or blank production up to now, we should actively introduce technology, digest and absorb, and gradually understand to fully grasp. We should learn from the products that have a certain foundation but have a certain gap with similar foreign products, strengthen the research of relevant key technologies and core technologies, and encourage development and innovation

2. Countermeasures to strengthen services

food packaging machinery are highly targeted equipment with high professional service requirements. We have advantages in China, but we still need to improve the service team. In the past, our installation and commissioning personnel were unable to go out or did not go out in time, which had a great impact. In the future, when conditions are good, we must strengthen this work

3. Countermeasures of enterprise organizational structure

actively promote professional production and agreements, strengthen the internal structural transformation of enterprises, and improve the quality of personnel. The proportion of technicians and maintenance service personnel should account for more than 50% of the number of enterprises. At present, the key backbone enterprises then produce at least a dozen full-size products continuously. Under the good economic situation, they actively adopt the policies of "reducing personnel and increasing efficiency" and "transferring jobs without being laid off", adapt to the characteristics of short cycle and rapid change of food packaging machinery, form a lightweight "dumbbell" enterprise structure, and improve the adaptability of the market

4. Countermeasures of management system and operation mechanism

the quality of key products should be greatly improved, and the average trouble free working time and overhaul time exceed the requirements of the corresponding product quality grading standards of the industry; If there is no grading standard, it must reach the level of imported similar products. Deepen enterprise reform and establish a modern enterprise system; Key backbone enterprises have gradually passed ISO9000 quality system certification; Products are gradually standardized; Establish professional research and development, professional production enterprises